CoolAir Lubricants Dictionary

CoolAir Lubricants Dictionary

Oil ISO VG Grade

ISO Viscosity Grade: A classification of lubricants based on their kinematic viscosity at 40°C. For example, ISO VG 32, 46, 68, etc.

Copper Strip Corrosion

A test that evaluates the corrosiveness of oil to copper. Ratings go from 1a (least corrosive) to 4c (most corrosive).

Flash Point

The lowest temperature at which a lubricant emits enough vapour to ignite when exposed to an ignition source. Higher is safer.

Kinematic Viscosity

A measure of a fluid’s resistance to flow under gravity, expressed in centistokes (cSt) at 40°C and sometimes 100°C.

Pour Point

The lowest temperature at which the oil will pour or flow under specific conditions. Indicates low-temp usability.

Viscosity Index (VI)

A number indicating how much an oil’s viscosity changes with temperature. Higher VI = better stability across temps.

TDS (Technical Data Sheet)

A document detailing physical and chemical characteristics, typical test results, and performance data of a lubricant.

MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet)

A document that provides safety, handling, and hazard information for chemicals and lubricants. Now called SDS in many regions.

Flushing Oil

Used for cleaning and flushing old or contaminated oil, deposits, or debris before filling with new oil.

Compressor Oil

Specially formulated to lubricate and cool air compressors. Available in mineral, semi-synthetic, or synthetic variants.

Generator Oil

Lubricates engine components in generators. Must meet engine OEM specifications.

Gear Oil

Used in gearboxes. High load-carrying capacity, anti-wear, and extreme pressure (EP) additives are common.

Cutting Oil

Applied in metalworking to reduce heat and friction. Can be straight oil or water-soluble.

Hydraulic Fluids

Transmit power in hydraulic systems. Key properties include anti-wear, oxidation stability, and water separability.

Heat Transfer Oil

Transfers heat in closed systems like oil heaters. High thermal stability is crucial.

Spindle Oil

Very low viscosity oil for high-speed spindles and precision machinery. Must be non-gumming and oxidation-resistant.

Additives

Chemical compounds added to greases to enhance performance, such as anti-wear, antioxidant, anti-rust, or EP additives.

Base Oil

The lubricating oil portion of grease before thickener and additives are added.

Bleeding

The separation of oil from the grease structure. Controlled bleeding provides lubrication; excessive bleeding indicates instability.

Consistency

A measure of the grease's softness or hardness, typically evaluated using the NLGI grade system.

Dropping Point

The temperature at which grease becomes fluid enough to drip. Indicates heat resistance.

EP (Extreme Pressure) Additives

Enhance grease performance under high load or shock-load conditions.

Oxidation Stability

The ability of grease to resist chemical degradation due to reaction with oxygen.

Penetration

A measure of how deep a cone penetrates the grease, used to classify NLGI grade.

Pumpability

How easily a grease flows through a lubrication system, especially at low temperatures.

Shear Stability

Resistance of grease to breakdown under mechanical stress.

Soap (Thickener)

The component that thickens base oil to form grease. Common soaps include lithium, calcium, and aluminum complexes.

Synthetic Grease

Grease formulated with synthetic base oils (e.g., PAO, esters) for extreme conditions.

Tackiness

A measure of how sticky the grease is. High tack greases help maintain position under vibration.

Water Washout

The tendency of grease to be washed away by water. Low washout = good water resistance.

Wear Protection

The ability of grease to minimize metal-to-metal contact and reduce wear.

Lithium Grease

General-purpose grease with good mechanical stability and water resistance.

Lithium Complex

Offers higher temperature tolerance than regular lithium grease; widely used in industrial equipment.

Calcium Grease

Good water resistance but limited high-temp stability; used in wet environments.

Aluminum Complex

Excellent water resistance and oxidation stability; used in food-grade applications.

Barium Grease

High-performance grease with excellent water and corrosion resistance, but less common due to toxicity.

Polyurea Grease

Long-life, non-soap grease; commonly used in electric motors.

Bentone (Clay) Grease

Non-melting grease for very high temperatures; used in steel plants, ovens, etc.

Silicone Grease

Excellent for rubber and plastics; inert and temperature stable but low load capacity.

Synthetic Grease

Made with synthetic oils and thickeners; used in extreme temperature or long-life applications.

Food-Grade Grease

Greases approved for incidental food contact; typically white, aluminum or calcium-based.

NLGI Grade (0–6)

Indicates grease consistency. NLGI 2 is most common (like peanut butter).

ISO 6743-9

International standard classification of lubricating greases by thickener, oil type, and performance properties.

DIN 51825

German classification system based on thickener, oil type, properties (e.g., KP2K-30).

ASTM D217

Standard test method for measuring cone penetration of grease to determine consistency.

ASTM D2265

Test for measuring the dropping point of grease.

ASTM D2596

Four-ball EP test – measures extreme pressure properties.

Automotive

Uses Lithium Complex, Moly Grease for bearings, chassis, U-joints.

Manufacturing

Uses Lithium Complex, Bentone, Polyurea for motors, conveyor systems.

Mining/Construction

Uses EP Grease, Calcium Sulfonate for heavy loads in dirty/wet conditions.

Food & Beverage

Uses NSF H1 Food-Grade Grease for safe processing equipment.

Steel Mills

Uses Bentone, Synthetic for high temp & water washout resistance.

Marine

Uses Calcium, Aluminum Complex for excellent water resistance.

Railway

Uses Synthetic EP, Calcium Complex for wheel bearings, couplings.

MSDS (SDS)

Safety Data Sheet containing handling, hazard, and first-aid information.

Biodegradable Grease

Greases formulated to break down more easily in the environment.

Toxicity

Some greases (e.g., barium-based) may be toxic and require special handling.

Food-Grade Certifications

NSF H1 (incidental contact), H2 (non-contact), 3H (direct contact).

Shelf Life

Typically 3–5 years when stored properly, depending on formulation.

NLGI 000

Very fluid – Cooking oil-like.

NLGI 00

Semi-fluid – Apple sauce.

NLGI 0

Soft – Brown mustard.

NLGI 1

Semi-soft – Tomato paste.

NLGI 2

Normal – Peanut butter.

NLGI 3

Firm – Vegetable shortening.

NLGI 4–6

Very firm – Cheddar cheese to wax.